Desktop robots operate on a three-axis coordinate system similar to the cartesian coordinate system used in mathematics. The axes are typically labelled X, Y, and Z, representing horizontal, vertical, and depth movements respectively.
Each axis of a desktop robot is equipped with linear actuators or motors that allow precise linear motion along the respective axis. This motion can be controlled independently, enabling the robot to move in straight lines along each axis.
Desktop robots are controlled by a computerized control system that manages the motion of each axis based on programmed instructions.